Shuuonan has been nicknamed Ikkyuu Temple Ikkyuu, a monk who lived the last years of his life here. Famous for his wit, he died here at the age of 88 in 1481. This temple was first built as a Zen dojo in 1288. It burnt down in the Genkou era war (1331-1334), and was rebuilt in 1446. The tranquil temple has beautiful stone gardens and overlooks verdant green hills. The monk's chambers (houjou), kitchen (kuri), Chinese-style gate (karamon), toilet (tousu), belfry (shourou), and bathroom (yokushitsu) were originally constructed in the mid 15th century.

This temple was originally built at the end of the 7th century under Emperor Tenmu. The 11-faced statue of the bodhisattva Kannon was added at the request of the Emperor Shomu in the early 8th century. It is the one and only national treasure (kokuhou) in Kyotanabe city. In the past, the temple served the three sects of Hosso, Sanron, and Kegon Buddhism and was famous for the splendor of its buildings. Unfortunately, only the great hall was rebuilt after these burnt down in 1437. Now, however the hall and gardens are in harmony with the surrounding hills: in spring the temple path is lined with cherry trees and fields of rape blossom; in autumn the leaves of the trees turn brilliant reds and oranges.

Built in 704 by Emperor Monmu, this temple is dedicated to the bodhisattva Kannon. It first flourished as "The Great Temple of Yamamoto", with a magnificent seven-structured temple compound, but was relocated to its current location due to frequent flooding by the Kizu River. The statue of Kannon, with those in Fujii Temple in Kawachi, Osaka, and Toushoudai Temple in Nara, is considered one of the three great masterpieces depicting the bodhisattva who saves humanity with her thousand hands and eyes. There is also a stone monument marking the site of the Yamamoto way-station. This square was created by the Genmei Emperor the year after the capital was moved to Heijou, present day Nara, in 711. A market for fresh local produce is held on the second and fourth Sunday of every month at thisYamamoto Eki.

The Shuchi Shrine was originally built further west on the summit of Mount Nishimine. It was supposedly moved here during in the first year of Emperor Senka's reign (536). This shrine is considered the predecessor to what is now Yasaka Shrine in Kyoto because the god once enshrined here (Gozu Tennou) was transferred there in the 11th year of the Jougan era (869). The main hall, built in the 17th year of the Keichou era (1612), is decorated in the florid style of the Momoyama period and is registered as a cultural asset of Kyoto Prefecture. Every year since the Jougan era (859-877) the shrine has dedicated a sakaki tree (sacred to Shinto) to one of the Gion Festival parades. The practise of celebrating the eve of the Gion Festival (known as yomiya-matsuiri) was revived in the 6th year of Heisei (1994) and is observed by lively crowds of people.

Although it is not clear when this shrine was first built, it is listed as a grand shrine in the Engishiki Jinmyouchou (a catalogue of all the shrines in Japan), compiled in the 5th year of Engi era (905). The deity enshrined here is the Shinto moon god, but shrine records also list the two gods believed to have given birth to the Japanese archipelago and its many deities, Izanagi and Izanami. The present building was built in the 26th year of Meiji (1893). Every year on the 14th of October, the Oosumi Hayatomai (a traditional folk dance that is a designated cultural asset of the city) is preformed as an offering to the gods.
The date of the establishment of this shrine is unclear. However, it has been associated with the famous Tenmanguu shrines since the Edo period (1603-1868). The shrine grounds include a main hall (honden), a hall of worship (haiden), an ema (votive tablet) hall (emaden), a shrine office (shamusho), and a ceremony hall (shikijou). The stone lantern to the right of the main hall is from the Momoyama period (1583-1600). Once every two years, a festival is held here celebrating the autumn harvest. A portable shrineknown as the zuiki-mikoshi is decorated with 30 types of grain and vegetable and paraded through Tanabe.

It is unclear when this temple was first built, but it is supposedly named after a pure spring (sen) that gushed forth after a prayer was offered to the temple's 11-faced kannon statue during a drought in the Tenchou era (824-834). Even now the statue of Kannon is worshiped as a protector of farming and prayed to for rain. The 13-layered stone monument is an important cultural asset and was constructed in the first year of the Kouan era (1278). It is made of granite and stands at 6 metres tall. The cone on top and core are all carved out of one stone; the 13 layers were stacked on top. The thick layers, cone and arched shape are representative of the strong and showy style of the mid-Kamakura era (1185-1333).

It is unclear when this shrine was built, but it is said that the Jinguu Empress (170-269) installed three sake barrels on the mountain behind the shrine before departing on an expedition to the Korean peninsula, and constructed the shrine upon safe return as a display of gratitude. The grounds are extensive and according to the Yamashiro Tsuzuki Gunshi record, the Shinto priests that served here worshiped the deity Iwainushi-no-Kami. The main hall was rebuilt in the 9th year of Meiji (1876). There are two pillars and the roof is special because it is the only shrine in Yamashiro with both a plover gable (chidori hafu) and a Chinese gable (nokikara hafu). It is said that the Kusen hakkai no ishi (stones representing the nine mountains and eight seas that form the centre of the Buddhist view of the world) that the Empress brought back are still here. In addition, it is said that members of the Nakatomi sake brewing family taught sake brewing and worshiped their ancestral gods here. In Kyotanabe City, both this shrine and Saga Shrine have ties to sake brewing. The deities enshrined here are the god Tsuhayamusubi-no-kami and the Oujin Emperor (201-310). There is a large lake nearby, and the beauty of this shrine transforms with the seasons, surrounded by verdant green leaves in summer and fire-y red leaves in autumn.

According to this shrine's history, it was built in 573. The deities enshrined are the gods Sakamitsuo-no-kami and Sakamitsume-no-kami. The main hall is an important cultural asset and is made up of identical chambers on the right and the left. The current main hall was rebuilt in the 13th year of the Tenshou era (1585), but it is thought that the symmetrical design of the curved main support beam (kaerumata) of the main hall is from the beginning of the Muromachi period (1333-1573) and that parts of the old building were reused. In 2002, the shrine was restored to its former glory with a freshly thatched roof and brilliant red lacquer.


京田辺市役所市民部市民参画課
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